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China is a country in Europa Universalis II. Their provinces are coloured brown in normal games and blue in fantasia games.

Creating China[]

By Revolt[]

"Map showing provinces that can form China "

Provinces that can form China

If it ceases to exist, China can be recreated by revolt at any point in the game. It may consist of any combination oft the following 33 provinces:


  • Anhui
  • Baicheng
  • Fujian
  • Guangdong
  • Guangzhou
  • Guangzi
  • Guizhou
  • Hainan
  • Hebei (the default capital)
  • Henan
  • Hepei
  • Hohot
  • Hubei
  • Hunan
  • Jehol
  • Jiangsu
  • Jinan
  • Kachin
  • Kowloon
  • Lanzhou
  • Liaoning
  • Liaotung
  • Nanchang
  • Ningxia
  • Shaanxi
  • Shandong
  • Shanghai
  • Shanxi
  • Sichuan
  • Sichuan Pendi
  • Taiwan
  • Xining
  • Zhejiang

China 's culture and religion are not set in revolt.txt. It will almost always have Confucian religion (though a small number of the provinces start as Buddhist). If it contains Hebei, it will have chihan culture, but if not it could be chihan, cantonese, manchu, or very occasionally bengali.

Starting Position[]

China exists at the start of all of the scenarios, and also exists in the Fantasia scenario.

1419[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1419"

China 's' starting position in 1419

In this scenario, China has cantonese and chihan cultures, Confucian religion, and 500 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 30 core provinces and have 7 cores that they neither own nor control. They also have Dai Viet as a vassal, although there is a scripted event for Dai Viet which usually breaks that within 30 days of the game's start.

China has the following stability and technology:

Tech Level
Stability 3
Infrastructure 0
Trade tech 1
Land tech 0
Naval tech 0

The Chinese player should be aware that there is an event for Dai Viet which will fire within the first month of the game, which will cause Dai Viet to declare war on China if they pick the first of two options.

1492[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1492"

China 's' starting position in 1492

In this scenario, China has chihan and cantonese cultures, Confucian religion, and 800 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 30 core provinces and have 7 cores that they neither own nor control.

They have the following stability and technology:

Tech Level
Stability 3
Infrastructure 2
Trade tech 2
Land tech 3
Naval tech 3

1617[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1617"

China 's' starting position in 1617

In this scenario, China has chihan and cantonese cultures, Confucian religion, and 893 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 29 core provinces and have 8 cores that they neither own nor control.

China have the following stability and technology:

Tech Level Stability 3
Infrastructure 2
Trade tech 2
Land tech 10
Naval tech 8

1700[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1700"

China 's' starting position in 1700

In this scenario, China has chihan, manchu, and cantonese cultures, Confucian religion, and 950 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 39 core provinces and 1 non-core province. They also have 1 core that they neither own nor control.

China have the following stability and technology:

Tech Level
Stability 2
Infrastructure 4
Trade tech 4
Land tech 21
Naval tech 14

1773[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1773"

China 's' starting position in 1773

In this scenario, China has chihan, manchu, and cantonese cultures, Confucian religion, and 950 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 44 core provinces and 9 non-core provinces. They also have 1 core that they neither own nor control.

They have the following stability and technology:

Tech Level
Stability 3
Infrastructure 4
Trade tech 6
Land tech 33
Naval tech 25

1795[]

"Map showing China 's starting position in 1795"

China 's' starting position in 1795

In this scenario, China has chihan, manchu, and cantonese cultures, Confucian religion, and 950 ducats in the treasury.

They own and control 52 core provinces and 1 non-core province. They also have 1 core that they neither own nor control.

They have the following stability and technology:

Tech Level
Stability 3
Infrastructure 4
Trade tech 6
Land tech 33
Naval tech 25

Fantasia[]

China are one of the starting countries in fantasia. Like all countries in that scenario, they start with the same starting conditions.

China start owning the province of Shandong, and initially know the following provinces:

  • Hebei
  • Jiangsu
  • Jinan
  • Nakhodka

AI Priorities[]

China uses the china.ai AI File in everything except the Fantasia scenario. They have the following preferences:

Colonization[]

China will almost always build trading posts over colonies (95% of the time), is less likely to build colonies adjacent to previous ones (a value of 10 compared to the default of 50), and is much less likely to establish colonies next to other countries (a penalty of -1, compared to a default penalty of 50).

China AI will focus its colonization on the continent of Asia (yellow on the maps), the regions of india (which is in Asia) and indonesia (blue on the maps), and the following areas (red on the maps):

In Africa

  • Aden (Sumatra province)
  • Ethiopia
  • Sudan
  • Tanganyika

In India

  • Ceylon
  • Malabar

In the rest of Asia

  • Aden
  • Amur
  • Baikal
  • Formosa
  • Kazakhstan
  • Oman
  • Persia

Trade[]

The China AI has the same trade settings as the default AI.

War[]

The China is a pacifist (its war value is at the minimum setting of 0), though it is particularly likely to attack the Chagatai Khanate.

During a war, the only difference from the default AI is that China is less likely to focus on regaining its own conquered provinces (a value of 1.5, compared to the default of 2.0).

Monarchs[]

Ming Dynasty[]

These monarchs rule by default from the start of the game through to the Manchu Takeover event chain.

Name Reigns from Diplomacy Administration Military
Yongle 1402 9 8 8
Hongxi 13 Aug 1424 4 7 3
Xuande 28 May 1425 5 6 6
Zhengtong 31 Jan 1435 2 2 2
Jingtai 22 Nov 1449 3 3 4
Tinshun 24 Feb 1457 2 2 2
Chenghua 23 Mar 1464 3 4 5
Hongchi 9 Sep 1487 6 4 7
Zhengde 8 Jun 1505 7 4 3
Jiajing 20 Apr 1521 7 6 6
Longqing 23 Jan 1567 4 6 5
Wanli 4 Jul 1572 6 3 7
Taichang 26 Aug 1620 6 7 7
Tianqi 27 Sep 1620 5 6 3
Chongzhen 30 Sep 1627 5 3 3

Ming Dynasty in Exile[]

These monarchs represent the continuation of the Ming dynasty. They are dormant by default, but can be activated by the events Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide or The Fall of the Ming Dynasty, both of which can happen in 1644.

Name Reigns from Diplomacy Administration Military
Hongguang 25 Apr 1644 3 5 3
Longwu 19 Jun 1645 4 4 3
Yongli 2 Oct 1646 4 6 2
Cheng Ch'eng-kung 5 Jun 1662 8 8 4
Chêng Ching 24 Jun 1662 6 6 3
Cheng Keh-shuan 1681 5 5 6
Longjing * 1728 4 4 4
Chengchi * 1755 5 5 5
Hongle * 1791 4 5 4

The Ch'ing (Manchu) Dynasty[]

These monarchs represent the Emperors after the Manchus take over. The first two of these are dormant by default. The others can be removed from play by the events Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide or The Fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644. They cannot then be put back into play, even though it is possible for the Manchu to become China after either of these events.

Name Reigns from Diplomacy Administration Military
Nurhachi 1584 8 8 9
Abahai 1626 6 7 8
Shunzhi 25 Apr 1644 7 6 7
Kangxi 5 Feb 1661 5 5 7
Yangzheng 20 Dec 1722 7 4 7
Qianlong 9 Oct 1735 7 6 4
Jiajing 10 Feb 1796 3 2 6
Daogung 3 Sep 1820 2 1 1

Leaders[]

Generals[]

Name Rank Starts Dies Movement Fire Shock Siege
Yongle 0 1418 12 Aug 1424 4 3 3 0
Xuande 0 28 May 1425 30 Jan 1435 3 3 3 0
Qi Jiguang 1 1522 1566 3 2 4 1
Li Zicheng 0 1635 1644 4 2 3 0
Wu Sangui 2 1635 1655 4 3 4 2
Zhang Xianzhang 0 1640 1644 3 2 3 0
Koxinga 3 1650 23 Jun 1662 5 5 5 0
Yung Cheng 8 1723 1735 3 2 3 0
Hung Li 7 1736 1795 5 3 4 2
Lung 0 1736 1786 3 3 3 0

Explorers[]

Name Rank Starts Dies Movement Fire Shock
Zheng He 3 1405 1436 6 3 3

Events[]

China has a major events file, containing the following events:

Strategic Decision[]

The following event pretty much determines the kind of country China will be for the entire game. The first option allows China to make a lot of cheap, but very low quality, troops and - apart from the troop quality - is good for conquest. The second option is more-or-less the status quo, and the third option is ideal for both colonisation and technological advance.

The Strategic Decision after Zheng He's Journey

This event happens up to 1720 days (4 years, 9 months, 10 days) after 1st January 1436. If China has somehow been removed from play at this point, but is later recreated, then it can happen at any point before 1st January 1455. There are three options. Option A is Inward Perfection, option B is Balanced Position, and option C is Outward Expansion. The three options have the following effects on stability, technologies, and policy sliders:

Effect Inward Balanced Outward
Stability +6 -2 -6
Infrastructure +1000 +500 -
Trade tech - +500 +2000
Land tech +1000 +500 -
Naval tech - +500 +2000
Centralization -5 +1 +3
Aristocracy +10 +1 -3
Serfdom +10 +1 -5
Innovative - +1 +5
Mercantilism +10 -1 -5
Land +10 -1 -5
Quality -10 +1 +5
Offensive -10 +1 +3

In addition, the Outward Expansion option changes China's techgroup to muslim (speeding up their research) and gives them +8 revolt risk for 60 months (5 years).

Relations with the West[]

These events model China's historical interactions with European powers during the period of the gain. All these events have significant effects on China itself.

The Closure of China

Map showing provinces affected by this event

Guangdong and Guangzhou

Thise event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1557, and cannot happen after 1st January 1558. China has three options. Option A is Hold a small breathing hole open, option B is Close China to the outside world, and option C is Keep trade open for all. The three options have the following effects:

Hold a small breathing hole open

Close China to the outside world

Keep trade open for all

  • Gain a center of trade in Guangzhou
  • Give the province of Guangdong to Portugal
  • +100 Relations with Portugal
  • -1 Stability
  • +2 Innovative
  • -3 Mercantilism
  • -2 Aristocracy
  • +200 Trade technology
  • +3 Merchants
  • -1 Province tax in 5 random provinces

The Arrival of the Jesuits

This event happens up to 150 days (5 months) after 1st January 1581 and cannot happen after 1st January 1582. There are two options. Option A is Yes, we may benefit from their learning. and option B is No, their foreign ideas are not acceptable in our society. The two options have the following effects:

Yes, we may benefit from their learning

No, their foreign ideas are not acceptable in our society

  • +2 Stability
  • -1 Innovative

The Expulsion of the Jesuits

This event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1722, and cannot happen after 1st January 1723. as long as China did not choose the second option (No, their foreign ideas are not acceptable in our society) in the event The Arrival of the Jesuits in 1582. The event has two options. Option A is Expel them!, and option B is No, they are too valuable. The two options have the following effects:

Expel them!

No, they are too valuable

  • -3 Stability
  • +2 Innovative

The Treaty of Nerchiinsk

Map showing cores China can gain from treaty ofNerchiinsk

New core provinces

There are two different events of this name, which are triggered by the different options in the Russian event of the same name. The Russian event happens if the two countries are not at war at any point between 1st January 1689 and 1st January 1690, and can happen up to 131 days (4 months, 11 days) after the trigger. The effects are as follows:

Russia chooses “Accept the treaty” (option A)

Russia chooses “Reject the treaty” (option B)

  • Gain a Casus belli against Eussia for 1200 months (100 years)
  • +1000 Land technology
  • +2 Quality
  • +100 national Manpower
  • +2 Manpower in 5 random provinces
  • Gain cores on 25 provinces in Amur, Baikal, and Kamchatka

Note that there is no overlap between the cores gained in the two versions of this event. Also, China should already have cores on most of the provinces in the version where Russia accepts the treaty.

Lord Macartney's Mission

Map showing the province of Hebei

Hebei

This event happens up to 30 days after 1st October 1793, and cannot happen after 1st November 1793, as long as China owns the province of Hebei. The event has two options. Option A is Reject the overtures of these rude western devils! and option B is We are interested in hearing their ideas. The two options have the following effects:

Reject the overtures of these rude western devils!

We are interested in hearing their ideas

  • -3 Stability
  • +1 Innovative
  • +500 Trade technology
  • +100 Relations with England

Rebellions[]

China has a number of scripted rebellion events. Some of these happen in the run-up to the Manchu takeover of China.

The Cult of the White Lotus

This event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1622, and cannot happen after 1st January 1623. There are two options. Option A is Bah, surely these cultists can do no lasting harm! and option B is Let the forces of the Empire crush the Rebellion!. The two options have the following effects:

Bah, surely these cultists can do no lasting harm!

Let the forces of the Empire crush the Rebellion!

  • -3 Stability
  • +10 Revolt risk fro 240 months (20 years)
  • Rebellions in 2 random provinces
  • -500 Ducats

The Financial Crisis

This event happens up to 150 days (5 months) after 1st January 1640, and cannot happen after 1st January 1641. There are 2 options. Option A is Yes, let us raise new taxes and option B is No, our subjects are already angry enough!. The two options have the following effects:

Yes, let us raise new taxes

No, our subjects are already angry enough!

Li Zechang's Rebellion

This event happens up to 30 days (1 month) after 1st January 1644, and cannot happen after 1st February 1644. There are two options. Option A is Let us attempt to destroy the traitor! and option B is Let us negotiate with him. The two options have the following effects:

Let us attempt to destroy the traitor!

Let us negotiate with him.

  • -1000 Ducats
  • -3 Stability
  • +5 Revolt risk for 12 months
  • Lose 10,000 troops in one random province
  • -2 Centralization


The White Lotus Rebellion

Map showing the province of Hebei

Hbbei

This event happens if China owns the province of Hebei at any point between 1st January 1796 and 1st January 1797. It happens up to 300 days (10 months) after the trigger. There are two options. Option A is It's likely just harmless talk and option B is Crush these plotters! The two options have the following effects

It's likely just harmless talk

Crush these plotters!

  • -2 Stability
  • +6 Revolt risk for 24 months (2 years)
  • Rebellions in 5 random provinces
  • -500 Ducats

The Celestial Order Rebellion

This event happens if China owns the province of Hebei at any point between 1st January 1811 and 1st January 1812. It happens up to 300 days (10 months) after the trigger. There are two options. Option A is It's likely just harmless talk and option B is Crush these plotters! The two options have the following effects

It's likely just harmless talk

Crush these plotters!

  • -2 Stability
  • +6 Revolt risk for 24 months (2 years)
  • Rebellions in 5 random provinces
  • -500 Ducats

The Eight Trigrams Rebellion

This event happens if China owns the province of Hebei on 18th October 1813. There are two options. Option A is It's likely just harmless talk and option B is Crush these plotters! The two options have the following effects

It's likely just harmless talk

Crush these plotters!

  • -4 Stability
  • +4 Revolt risk for 24 months (2 years)
  • Rebellions in 10 random provinces
  • -700 Ducats

Rise of the Manchu dynasty[]

These events simulate the fall of the Ming Dynasty and its replacement by the Manchus. The easiest way for a Chinese player to navigate these events is to avoid triggering the event Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide and choose the second option in The Fall of the Ming Dynasty hoping that the Manchu choose the first option.

The Manchu Rebellion

Map showing provinces that can rebel in the Manchu Rebellion

Rebelling Manchu Provinces

This event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1615, and cannot happen after 1st January 1616. There are two options. Option A is We are too weak to crush the rebels and option B is 'Attempt to crush the rebels. The two have the following effects:

We are too weak to crush the rebels

Attempt to crush the rebels

  • -5 Stability
  • + 10 Revolt risk for 60 months (5 years)
  • -1000 Ducats
  • Rebellions in Amour, Birobidjan, Bogorodsk, Heilongjiang, Jehol, Jilin,Liaotung, Nakhodka, Nelma, Olga, Sikhote, Vanin, and Viazemski

Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide

Map showing China's new capital

New capital

This event happens if the Manchu do not exist on 25th April 1644. It has the following effects:

  • Grant independence to the Manchu
  • 3 Rebellions in the capital province
  • Move the capital to Anhui
  • Lose 10,000 troops in 4 random provinces
  • The events The Chinese Collapse and The End of the Ming Dynasty will never happen
  • Remove the monarchs of the Manchu dynasty from play
  • Activate the monarchs of the Ming dynasty in exile

The Fall of the Ming Dynasty

Map showing provinces affected by Fall of the Ming dynasty

Possible lost provinces and new capital

This event happens on 25th April 1644. There are two options. Option A is Continue to fight on in the south! and option B is Throw our lot in with the Manchu and proclaim the Qing Dynasty. The two options have the following effects:

Continue to fight on in the south!

  • Move the capital to Anhui
  • -400 Relations with the Manchu
  • Give the provinces of Baicheng, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hepei, Hohhot, Jehol, Jilin, Jinan, Liaoning, Liaotung, Nakhodka, Nelma, Ningxia, Olga, Shandong, Shanxi, Sikhote, and Viazemski to the Manchu
  • -8 Stability
  • +5 Revolt risk for 340 months (28 years 3 months)
  • Lose 20,000 troops in 4 random provinces
  • -1000 Ducats
  • Remove the monarchs of the Manchu dynasty from play
  • Activate the monarchs of the Ming dynasty in exile

Throw our lot in with the Manchu and proclaim the Qing Dynasty

In addition, the second option triggers the Manchu event The Takeover of China, which simply triggers one of the Chinese events in the following section:

The Manchu takeover of China

Map showing provinces China can lose to Manchu in Manchu Takeover events

Provinces potentially lost to Manchu

There are two Chinese events of this name. The first is triggered if the Manchu choose the first of two options in their event The Takeover of China, and causes China to Inherit the Manchu.

The second event happens if the first has happened at any point between 25th April 1644 and 26th April 1699. It has the following effects:

  • China becomes Manchu
  • +5 Revolt risk for 60 months (5 years)
  • Gain manchu culture and lose cantonese culture

The third event is triggered if the Manchu choose the second option in their event The Takeover of China. China has two options. The first option is We have no choice but to accept (Game Over), which triggers a Manchu event where they inherit China. The second option is We will not completely submit to these barbarians! which triggers a Manchu event making China a vassal of the Manchu and ceding the following provinces to them:

Baicheng, Birobidjan, Bogorodsk, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hepei, Hohhot, Jehol, Jilin, Jinan, Liaoning, Liaotung, Nakhodka, Nelma, Ningxia, Olga, Shandong, Shanxi, Sikhote, Vanin, and Viazemski

The Chinese Collapse

Map showing provinces affected by The Chinese Collapse event

New capital and lost provinces

This event happens immediately if China has a Stability of +3 at any point between 1st June 1644 and 1st June 1646, as long as the event Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide has not happened. This event moves the Chinese capital to Guangzhou, gives China -4 Stability, and causes them to give the provinces of Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Lanzhou, Shaanxi, and Xining to the Manchu.

The End of the Ming Dynasty

This event happens if the Manchu exist at any point between 1st January 1683 and 1st January 1684. It happens up to 30 days (1 month) after the trigger, as long as the event Emperor Chongzen Commits Suicide has not happened. T

China has two options. Option A is We surrender to the Manchu, which triggers a Manchu event causing them to inherit China. Option B is No, we will never give up!, which gives China -6 Stability and +10 Revolt risk for 120 months (10 years).

Other Domestic Events[]

These events only affect China itself, and do not fit into any of the above categories.

The Move to Beijing

Map showing the location of Beijng

Beijing

This event happens if China owns the province of Hebei at any point between 1st January 1420 and 1st January 1421, and happens up to 300 days (10 months) after the trigger. There are two options. Option A is Yes, let us move to the Northern Capital, and option B is No, we will remain in the Southern Capital. The two options have the following effects:

Yes, let us move to the Northern Capital

No, we will remain in the Southern Capital

The Emperor has been captured!

This event happens on 22nd November 1449. It reduces China's Stability by 3 and gives them +3 Revolt risk for 96 months (8 years).

Zhengtong returns to the throne

This event happens on 24th February 1457, as long as The Emperor has been captured! has happened. The event increases China's Stability by 2.

Repairing the Great Wall / More Repairs for the Great Wall

Map showing provinces affected by Great Wall events

Provinces where the Great Wall can be repaired

These two almost identical events happen up to 10,000 days (27 years, 9 months, 10 days) after their trigger date. The first can happen between 1st January 1450 and 1st January 1490. The second happens between 1st January 1500 and 1st January 1540. The first event affects the provinces of Hepei and Hohhot, whilst the second can affect the provinces of Liaoning and Ningxia.

Both events have the same two options. Option A is Yes, we need to repair the Great Wall, and option B is Let it continue to crumble. The two options have the following effects:

Yes, we need to repair the Great Wall

Let it continue to crumble

  • +1 Stability
  • +1 Offensive
  • -1000 Population in both provinces

The Perfection of Ming Porcelain

Map showing Porcelain producing provinces

Provinces with increased porcelain revenue

This event happens up to 3000 days (8 years, 4 months) after 1st January 1500, and cannot happen after 1st January 1510. It gives +2 Province tax in Anhui and Shaanxi

Somewhat strangely,the two provinces in question do not actually produce china.

Japanese Pirates Attack!

Map showing provinces affected by Japanese Pirates events

Provinces attacked by pirates

This event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1523, and cannot happen after 1st January 1524. The eventhas two options. Option A is Let the provinces look to their own defense and option B is Combat the pirates. The two options have the following effects:

Let the provinces look to their own defense

Combat the pirates

Pirates besiege Nanjing

This event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after 1st January 1555, and cannot happen after 1st January 1556 as long as Japan did not choose Combat the pirates in the event Japanese Pirates Attack! The event has two options. Option A is Drive the pirates away and options B is Let them sack the city. The two options have the following effects:

Drive the pirates away

Let them sack the city

Qi Jiguang's Army Reforms

This event happens up to 150 days (5 months) after 1st January 1563, and cannot happen after 1st January 1564. The event has two options. Option A is Go with the reforms and option B is No, such reforms are too costly. The two options have the following effects:

Go with the reforms

No, such reforms are too costly

Famine!

This event happens up to 350 days (11 months, 20 days) after 1st January 1588. It cannot happen after 1st January 1589. There are two options. Option A is Try to alleviate the suffering and option B is We are helpless in the face of such a disaster. The two options have the following effects:

Try to alleviate the suffering

We are helpless in the face of such a disaster

  • -3 Stability
  • +5 Revolt risk for 36 months (3 years)
  • -10,000 Population in 10 random provinces

The Appointment of Heshen

Map showing province that can trigger this event

Province needed to trigger this event

This event happens if China owns the province of Hebei at any point between 1st January 1770 and 1st January 1771. The event happens up to 300 days (10 months) after the trigger. There are two options. Option A is Appoint him despite his faults! and option B is No, such corruption could ruin the state!. The two options have the following effects:

Appoint him

Don't appoint him

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